Effects of Fertilizers on Biomass, Sugar Content and Ethanol Production of Sweet Sorghum

Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is a promising alternative crop for bioethanol production in developing countries. However, to extend the cultivative area of this crop, it needs to develop an appropriate growing protocol for farmers. This chapter describes the examination of different doses of fertilizers combined with manure and micronutrients, in various applied times, on biomass, sugar content and ethanol production of sweet sorghum. It was observed that the application of 90 N + 90 P2O5 + 60 K2O provided maximum stem yield and optimum contents of sugar and ethanol yield, however nontreatment of any among P, P2O5 and K2O caused significant reduction of biomass and ethanol production. Higher fertilization >90 N may provide greater productivity of this crop but it may cause lodging and economic deficit for farmers in developing countries. It was also found that the applied times of fertilization should be at 3–4 to 7–8 leaf stage. In contrast, when the fertilization was as close to the flowering stage caused remarkable reduction of stem yield and ethanol production. The supplementation of (NH4)2MO7O2.4H2O at 5 kg/ha provided an increase of 10–12 tons/ha of stem yield and a remarkable enrichment of ethanol production. Findings of this study are useful for farmers and agricultural extensionists to promote biomass and ethanol productivity of this crop for bioethanol production. This research also highlights a greater possibility of exploiting sweet sorghum cultivation in infertile and hilly, abandoned areas for ethanol production

Applying calcium fluoride and silica particles: A solution to improve color homogeneity of pc-WLEDS

This article focuses on enhancing the lighting efficiency of pc-WLEDs, a new and advanced lighting solution that has received lots of attention. To adapt to the demand of modern lighting, the lighting performance of pc-WLEDs must be improved, especially the color homogeneity and luminous flux, two of the most important quality indicators of pc-WLEDs. Through experiments, this article proposes using the scattering enhancement particles (SEPs) such as CaF2 and SiO2 with yellow phosphor Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ in pc-WLEDs configuration. The pc-WLEDs model is created by using the LightTools program and set at 8500 K correlated color temperature, while the experimental results yielded from this simulation will be verified by Mie-scattering theory. The information from this article reveals the scattering coefficients of SEPs at 455 nm and 595 nm wavelengths. Moreover, it is confirmed that the employment of CaF2 is effective in promoting the color but may damage the luminous efficiency if the concentration is too high while the SEP material, SiO2, exhibits high luminous efficiency at all concentration

THE TREATMENT OF COLLOCATIONS IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS FOR VIETNAMESE STUDENTS

The present study investigates collocational profiles that appear in the English textbook series for Vietnamese students from elementary to high school grades by identifying how the series covers collocations in terms of frequency and how the mode of collocation presentation aligns with recommendations in the existing literature. A total of 30,005 collocations of both verb-noun and adjective-noun patterns were identified, of which 1,078 are targeted collocations. The study found that the frequencies of occurrences of collocation tokens increase steadily alongside the three grade levels, while the frequencies of collocation types are not distributed proportionately. As for the mode of collocation presentation, targeted collocations and collocation exercises follow the best practices recommended in the literature to a certain extent and in some criteria; inconsistency, however, was found to be one of the shortcomings across those evaluation criteria. Pedagogical implications for teachers and textbook authors are discussed

Volatility Prediction of Stock Price Using News Articles: A Hybrid Approach

Master'sMASTER OF SCIENC

Emotional Regulation in Synchronous Online Collaborative Learning: A Facial Expression Recognition Study

Emotional regulation in learning has been recognised as a critical factor for collaborative learning success. However, the “unobservable” processes of emotion and motivation at the core of learning regulation have challenged the methodological progress to examine and support learners’ regulation. Artificial intelligence (AI) and learning analytics have recently brought novel opportunities for investigating the learning processes. This multidisciplinary study proposes a novel fine-grained approach to provide empirical evidence on the application of these advanced technologies in assessing emotional regulation in synchronous computer-support collaborative learning (CSCL). The study involved eighteen university students (N=18) working collaboratively in groups of three. The process mining analysis was adopted to explore the patterns of emotional regulation in synchronous CSCL, while AI facial expression recognition was used for examining learners’ associated emotions and emotional synchrony in regulatory activities. Our findings establish a foundation for further design of human-centred AI-enhanced support for collaborative learning regulation

Revealing the Hidden Structure of Affective States During Emotion Regulation in Synchronous Online Collaborative Learning

This study aims to explore the use of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) to reveal learners' emotion regulation. In particular, this study attempts to discover the hidden structure of affective states associated with facial expression during challenges, interactions, and strategies for emotion regulation in the context of synchronous online collaborative learning. The participants consist of 18 higher education students (N=18) who collaboratively worked in groups. The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) results indicated interesting transition patterns of latent state of emotion and provided insights into how learners engage in the emotion regulation process. This study demonstrates a new opportunity for theoretical and methodology advancement in the exploration of AI in researching socially shared regulation in collaborative learning

Aprimoramento das habilidades de leitura e formação: um estudo na Universidade de Khanh Hoa

O inglês para fins específicos (ESP) ganhou importância crescente ao longo dos anos devido à sua abordagem prática e direcionada ao aprendizado de idiomas. Ao se concentrar na comunicação dentro de domínios específicos ou contextos profissionais, o ESP capacita os alunos com habilidades de leitura para que tenham sucesso em seus campos escolhidos. O uso de atividades de tradução para aprimorar as habilidades de leitura é uma abordagem interessante. Compreender o estado atual das aulas de ESP na Universidade de Khanh Hoa (UKH) é uma etapa crucial para obter percepções valiosas sobre os pontos fortes e fracos da abordagem existente, permitindo melhorias direcionadas. A investigação das necessidades e da orientação de aprendizado dos alunos por meio de perguntas e escuta ativa é o principal objetivo que ajuda a adaptar as atividades de tradução de forma adequada. A personalização é fundamental para o aprendizado eficaz de idiomas, e essa abordagem provavelmente produzirá resultados positivos. O experimento planejado para avaliar o impacto das atividades de tradução nas habilidades de leitura em inglês dos alunos fornece evidência empírica da eficácia da metodologia de pesquisa. Ao comparar os resultados do experimento com os do grupo de controle, os autores podem medir o sucesso da abordagem e identificar áreas que precisam ser aperfeiçoadas. Avaliar a satisfação dos alunos e os benefícios que eles percebem com as atividades de tradução é essencial para medir o sucesso geral das aulas de ESP. Altos níveis de satisfação indicam engajamento e uma experiência de aprendizado positiva, enquanto as percepções dos alunos sobre os benefícios que obtêm podem ajudar a promover a abordagem para outros alunos em potencial. Portanto, a pesquisa aborda um aspecto fundamental do aprendizado de idiomas e suas descobertas podem contribuir significativamente para o campo da ESP. Ao se concentrar nas habilidades de leitura em contextos específicos, a abordagem se alinha bem com as necessidades reais dos alunos e tem implicações para os alunos de idiomas no UKH e em outros locais